YOU ARE LEARNING:
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are specific to plant cells.
This is a chloroplast. Where in the cell is it?
A certain type of cell has both chloroplasts and mitochondria. Both types of organelles generate the same thing. What do they generate?
So both mitochondria and chloroplasts generate energy
But they don't do it in the same way!
Mitochondria use biological molecules (like carbohydrates) as fuel to generate energy. What do you think chloroplasts use?
So chloroplasts generate energy from sunlight. Which organisms do you think have chloroplasts in their cells?
What is the name of that process where plants turn sunlight into energy and releases oxygen to the atmosphere?
To recap! Both mitochondria and chloroplasts generate energy
But mitochondria use biological molecules as fuel. Chloroplasts use sunlight!
Only plant cells have chloroplasts
That is why only plants can perform photosynthesis.
This is a chloroplast up close
It's been cut open so you can see inside it.
How many membranes do you see?
Chloroplasts have 2 membranes - a "double membrane"
There is an outer membrane and an inner membrane.
The inner membrane is shaped into disk-like structures, called thylakoids. The thylakoid membrane houses the pigment used in photosynthesis, called chlorophyll. What colour do you think chlorophyll gives to plants?
To be able to pack more thylakoids into a chloroplast they are quite neatly stacked. What is one if those stacks called?
By the way!
You say "one granum" and "many grana".
The chloroplast wants as many thylakoids as possible because they contain the proteins that generate energy
The more thylakoids it has, the more proteins it has, so the more energy it can generate.
Lastly, the chloroplast if filled out by a fluid, called the __________.
Pick all the things that belong to chloroplasts.
You can select multiple answers
Summary! Only plant cells have chloroplasts
Chloroplasts generate energy from sunlight. They are the organelles that make plants able to perform photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts have a double membrane
That means it has an outer and and inner membrane.
The inner membrane is full of thylakoids
The thylakoids contain the proteins that generate energy, so the more thylakoids the chloroplast contains, the better it is at generating energy.
The thylakoids are stacked in "grana" to fit more of them into the chloroplast
You say "one granum", but "many grana".
The chloroplast is filled out by the matrix
It is a fluid substance inside the chloroplast.